Line Equation Through Two Points: Find The Solution
Hey guys! Today, we're diving into a super common problem in algebra: finding the equation of a line when you're given two points it passes through. This might seem tricky at first, but I promise, with a few simple steps, you'll be a pro in no time. We're going to break down a specific example to really nail down the process. Let's get started!
Understanding the Problem
Okay, so the question we're tackling is: What is the equation of the line that passes through the points (-8, 11) and (4, 7/2)? We've also got some multiple-choice options to guide us:
A. y = -5/8 x + 16
B. y = -15/2 x + 71
C. y = -5/8 x + 6
D. y = -15/2 x - 49
To solve this, we need to remember the fundamental forms of a linear equation and how to use them. The most important one here is the slope-intercept form, which is y = mx + b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept. Our mission is to find m and b using the given points.
Step 1: Calculate the Slope (m)
The slope is the measure of how steep a line is, and it's calculated using the formula:
m = (y2 - y1) / (x2 - x1)
Where (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) are our two points. In this case, let's say:
(x1, y1) = (-8, 11)(x2, y2) = (4, 7/2)
Now, plug these values into the slope formula:
m = (7/2 - 11) / (4 - (-8))
First, let's simplify the numerator. We need to convert 11 to a fraction with a denominator of 2:
11 = 22/2
So, the numerator becomes:
7/2 - 22/2 = -15/2
Next, simplify the denominator:
4 - (-8) = 4 + 8 = 12
Now we have:
m = (-15/2) / 12
To divide a fraction by a whole number, we can rewrite the whole number as a fraction (12/1) and then multiply by the reciprocal:
m = (-15/2) * (1/12)
Multiply the numerators and the denominators:
m = -15 / 24
Finally, simplify the fraction by dividing both the numerator and denominator by their greatest common divisor, which is 3:
m = -5/8
So, the slope of our line is -5/8. Awesome! We've got the first piece of the puzzle.
Step 2: Find the y-intercept (b)
Now that we have the slope (m = -5/8), we can use the slope-intercept form (y = mx + b) and one of our points to solve for the y-intercept (b). Let's use the point (-8, 11). Plug the values into the equation:
11 = (-5/8) * (-8) + b
Simplify the equation:
11 = 5 + b
Subtract 5 from both sides to isolate b:
11 - 5 = b
b = 6
So, the y-intercept is 6. We're on a roll!
Step 3: Write the Equation
We've found the slope (m = -5/8) and the y-intercept (b = 6). Now we can plug these values back into the slope-intercept form (y = mx + b) to get the equation of the line:
y = (-5/8)x + 6
Step 4: Check the Answer Choices
Looking back at our multiple-choice options, we see that option C matches our equation:
C. y = -5/8 x + 6
Therefore, the correct answer is C.
Alternative Method: Point-Slope Form
Just to show you another way, let's briefly talk about the point-slope form of a linear equation. It's super useful, especially when you have a point and a slope. The point-slope form is:
y - y1 = m(x - x1)
Where (x1, y1) is a point on the line and m is the slope. We already found the slope (m = -5/8). Let's use the point (-8, 11) again. Plug these values into the point-slope form:
y - 11 = (-5/8)(x - (-8))
Simplify:
y - 11 = (-5/8)(x + 8)
Now, let's distribute the -5/8:
y - 11 = (-5/8)x - 5
Add 11 to both sides:
y = (-5/8)x + 6
See? We get the same equation as before! The point-slope form is just another tool in your arsenal for tackling these types of problems.
Key Takeaways
Okay, let's recap the main things we learned today:
- Slope Formula: Remember the slope formula:
m = (y2 - y1) / (x2 - x1). It's the foundation for finding the steepness of a line. - Slope-Intercept Form: Master the slope-intercept form:
y = mx + b. Knowing this form allows you to easily write the equation of a line once you have the slope and y-intercept. - Point-Slope Form: The point-slope form (
y - y1 = m(x - x1)) is another powerful tool. It's especially handy when you have a point and the slope. - Step-by-Step Approach: Break down the problem into smaller, manageable steps. First, find the slope. Then, find the y-intercept. Finally, write the equation.
By following these steps, you can confidently find the equation of a line given two points. Practice makes perfect, so try out a few more examples to really solidify your understanding.
Practice Problems
Want to test your skills? Here are a couple of practice problems you can try:
- Find the equation of the line that passes through the points (2, -3) and (5, 1).
- What is the equation of the line that passes through the points (-1, 4) and (3, -2)?
Work through these problems using the methods we discussed, and you'll be well on your way to mastering linear equations!
Conclusion
So, that's how you find the equation of a line that passes through two given points! It might seem like a lot of steps at first, but once you get the hang of it, it becomes second nature. Remember to focus on understanding the slope formula and the slope-intercept form, and you'll be able to solve these problems with ease. Keep practicing, and you'll become a math whiz in no time! If you have any questions, feel free to ask. Happy solving, guys!